Now that a proposed revision to the Wassenaar Arrangement has been rejected, it will be up to the Trump administration to decide whether to attempt to renegotiate again.

It’s been months since the U.S. Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security pulled the U.S. implementation of the Wassenaar Arrangement off the table for an unusual rewrite of the rules governing so-called intrusion software. The overly broad rule drew the ire of security and privacy experts because its vague language would put a serious...